Section 13 Checking the directionality13.1 Overview GUID-7E504488-F341-477A-953A-EB0B262911EB v2Before starting this process, all individual devices that are involved in the fault clearanceprocess of the protected object must have been individually tested and must be set inoperation. The circuit breaker must be ready for an open-close-open cycle.The directional test is performed when the protected object is energized and a certain amountof load current is available. It is also necessary to know the flow of the load current (import orexport, i.e. forward or reverse) by help of the indication from an external instrument (energy-meter, or SCADA information).The design of the test procedure depends on the type of protection function to be tested.Some items that can be used as guidelines are the following.13.2 Testing the directionality of the distance protectionGUID-EB5380B2-6086-4814-8890-102E55A79C82 v4The test is performed by looking at the information given by the High speed distanceprotection ZMFPDIS, ZMFCPDIS or the directional function ZDRDIR or ZDMRDIR whichever isused.Procedure:1. Make sure that all control and protection functions that belong to the object that aregoing to be energized have been tested and are set to be in operation2. Make sure that the primary load current fulfills the following conditions (by using anexternal equipment):• The magnitude of the primary load current must be higher than the minimumoperating current set for the directional elements in the IED. In case of defaultsettings this means:• load current > 5% of base current• Otherwise the settingsIMinOpPE andIMinOpPP for ZDRDIR or ZDMRDIR areavailable under the HMI menu: Main menu/Settings/IED Settings/Impedance protection/DirectionalImpedanceThe primary load impedance must have an angle (PHI) between the setting angles for thedirectional lines. In case of default settings this means:• for forward (exported) load: -15 deg < PHI < 115 deg• for reverse (imported) load: 165 deg < PHI < 295 degThe settings for forward load: -ArgDir < PHI <ArgNegRes and the settings for reverseload: 180 deg -ArgDir < PHI < 180 deg +ArgNegRes included in the directional functionsZDRDIR or ZDMRDIR are available under the HMI menu:• Main menu/Settings/IED Settings/Impedance protection/DirectionalImpedance3. The directionality of the load current is shown by the High speed distance protectionZMFPDIS or ZMFCPDIS under the HMI menu: Main menu/Test/Function status/Impedance protection/HighSpeedDistance or by the directional function ZDRDIR orZDMRDIR and it is available under the HMI menu: Main menu/Test/Function status/Impedance protection/DirectionalImpedanceThe following will be shown if the load current flows in forward (exporting) direction:1MRK 502 067-UEN B Section 13Checking the directionality233Commissioning manual
