English 14About Blood PressureWhat Is Blood Pressure?Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries.Systolic pressure occurs when the heart contracts. Diastolic pressure occurswhen the heart expands. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters ofmercury (mmHg). One's natural blood pressure is represented by thefundamental pressure, which is measured first thing in the morning while oneis still at rest and before eating.What Is Hypertension And How Is It Controlled?Hypertension, an abnormally high arterial blood pressure, if left unattended,can cause many health problems including stroke and heart attack.Hypertension can be controlled by altering lifestyle, avoiding stress, and withmedication under a doctor’s supervision.To prevent hypertension or keep it under control:Do not smoke Exercise regularlyReduce salt and fat intake Have regular physical checkupsMaintain proper weightWhy Measure Blood Pressure At Home?Blood pressure measured at a clinic or doctor's office may causeapprehension and can produce an elevated reading, 25 to 30 mmHg higherthan that measured at home. Home measurement reduces the effects ofoutside influences on blood pressure readings, supplements the doctor'sreadings and provides a more accurate, complete blood pressure history.WHO Blood Pressure ClassificationStandards to assess highblood pressure, withoutregard to age, have beenestablished by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO),as shown in the chart.Blood Pressure VariationsAn individual’s blood pressurevaries greatly on a daily andseasonal basis. It may vary by30 to 50 mmHg due to various conditions during the day. In hypertensiveindividuals, variations are even more pronounced. Normally, the bloodpressure rises while at work or play and falls to its lowest levels during sleep.So, do not be overly concerned by the results of one measurement.Take measurements at the same time every day using the procedure