Axis 247S User Manual

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41AXIS 247S - GlossaryGlossaryActive Speaker - a speaker with a built-in power amplifier.ActiveX - A control (or set of rules) used by a browser. ActiveX controlsare often downloaded and installed automatically as required.AMC - AXIS Media Control. The control required for viewing videoimages in Internet Explorer. Installs automatically on first use.API - Application Programming Interface. The Axis API can be used forintegrating Axis products into other applications.ARP - Address Resolution Protocol. Used to associate an IP address to ahardware MAC address. A request is broadcast on the local network tofind out what the MAC address is for the IP address.ARTPEC - Axis Real Time Picture Encoder - used for imagecompression.Aspect ratio - A ratio of width to height in images. A common aspectratio used for television screens and computer monitors is 4:3.High-definition television (HDTV) uses an aspect ratio of 9:16.BOOTP - A protocol that can automatically configure a network device(give it an IP address).Bonjour - Also known as zero-configuration networking, Bonjourenables automatic discovery of computers, devices, and services on IPnetworks. Bonjour allows devices to automatically discover each otherwithout the need to enter IP addresses or configure DNS servers.Bonjour is developed by Apple Computer Inc.CGI - Common Gateway Interface. A set of rules (or a program) thatallows a Web Server to communicate with other programs.Client/Server - Describes the network relationship between twocomputer programs, in which one, the client, makes a service requestfrom another - the server.DC-Iris - This special type of iris is electrically controlled by the Axiscamera, to automatically regulate the amount of light allowed to enter.dB (Decibels) - A unit to measure sound level changes. A 3dB change isthe smallest level change we can hear. A 3dB change is actually twice orhalf the audio power level. A gain of 0dB will leave the signal levelunchanged.De-interlacing - De-interlacing is the process taking a stream ofinterlaced frames and converting it to a stream of progressive frames.DSL - Digital Subscriber Line. A means of transferring data via standardphone lines.Ethernet - A widely used networking standard.ETRAX - Axis' own microprocessor.Firewall - A virtual barrier between a LAN (Local Area Network) andother networks, e.g. the Internet.FTP - File Transfer Protocol. Used for the simple transfer of files to andfrom an FTP-server.Full-duplex - Transmission of data, e.g. audio, in two directionssimultaneously.G.711 - G.711 is the international standard for encoding telephoneaudio on 64 kbps channel. It is a pulse code modulation (PCM) schemeoperating at 8 kHz sample rate.G.726 - Frequently used speech-compression algorithm intelecommunications due to its high perceived speech quality and lowresource requirements.Half-duplex- A half-duplex link communicates in one direction at atime only, much like a walkie-talkie. Two way communication ispossible, but not simultaneously.HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The set of rules for exchangingfiles (text, images, sound, video, and other files) on the World WideWeb.HTTP-S (HTTPS)- An extension to the HTTP protocol to supportsending data securely over the World Wide Web.Intranet - A private network limited to an organization or corporation.Usually closed to external traffic.IP - Internet Protocol. See TCP/IP.IP address - A unique number used by a computer on the network toallow it to be identified and found.ISMA - Internet Streaming Media Alliance.JPEG - A standard image format, used widely for photographs. Alsoknown as JPG.LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers andassociated devices that typically share common resources within alimited geographical area.Linux - A popular operating system that is “open source” andpractically free of charge.Lux - A standard unit for light measurement.Mbit/s - Megabits per second. A unit for measuring speeds in networks.A LAN might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s.MPEG-4 - A video compression standard that makes good use ofbandwidth, and which can provide DVD-quality video streams at lessthan 1 Mbit/s.Multicast - A bandwidth-conserving technology that reducesbandwidth usage by simultaneously delivering a single stream ofinformation to multiple network recipients.PEM - Privacy Enhanced Mail. An early standard for securing electronicmail. The PEM-format is often used for representing an HTTPScertificate or certificate request.Ping - A small utility used for sending data packets to networkresources to check that they are working and that the network is intact.Pre/post alarm image - The images from immediately before and afteran alarm.Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities willcommunicate. Protocols are found at many levels of communication,and there are hardware protocols and software protocols.(QoS) Quality of Service - QoS provides the means to guarantee acertain level of a specified resource to selected traffic on a network.Quality can be defined as e.g. a maintained level of bandwidth, lowlatency, no packet losses, etc.Router - A device that determines the next network point to which apacket should be forwarded on its way to its final destination. A routeris often included as part of a network switch (see below).RTP- Real-Time Transfer Protocol. A transfer protocol designed for thedelivery of live content, e.g. MPEG-4.RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) - RTSP is a control protocol, anda starting point for negotiating transports such as RTP, multicast andUnicast, and for negotiating codecs. RTSP can be considered a “remotecontrol” for controlling the media stream delivered by a media server.RTSP servers typically use RTP as the protocol for the actual transportof audio/video data.Simplex - In simplex operation, a network cable or communicationschannel can only send information in one direction; it's a “one-waystreet”.SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the protocol used to sende-mail across the Internet. SMTP authentication is a way of allowingpeople outside of a domain to use an SMTP server when sending e-mail.SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol. An application layerprotocol that facilitates the exchange of management informationbetween network devices. It is part of the Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite.Subnet Mask - An IP address consists of two components: the networkaddress and the host address. “Subnetting’ enables a networkadministrator to further divide the host part of the address into two ormore subnets. The subnet mask identifies the subnet to which an IPaddress belongs.

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