Icarus NANO 99 Owner's Manual
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OWNERS MANUAL01.01.18 V01Page 14 of 36 ICARUS_NANO_01.01.18 V01 Owners Manual LetterICARUS Canopies, S.L. / ICARUS Canopies, Inc. - Copyright 2018 © - www.icarusworld.netThis document has no contractual value and in some cases the descriptive content may contain inaccuracies10.5. Permitted Wing LoadingsWing loading can be calculated as follows:The jumper’s total exit weight is the total weight, in pounds, of the jumper’s body plus theweight of all the jumper’s equipment, including theparachute system itself (normally 20 – 30 pounds) andany additional equipment such as helmets, cameras,etc.Wing loading is then determined by dividing thejumper’s total exit weight (in pounds) by the surfacearea of the parachute (in square feet).Example:- A jumper who weighs 170 lb wearing his jumpsuit,helmet and altimeter;- using a packed rig that weighs 25 poundsThe jumper will have an exit weight of 195 pounds.If this jumper jumps a 169 sq. ft. canopy, he would have a wing loading of 1.15 pounds / squarefoot: 195 lb / 169 ft 2 = 1.15 lb/ft²A wing loading lower than 0.5 lbs/ft² is unsafe. In unstable atmospheric conditions such asturbulence, such a wing loading may not allow for sufficient pressurization of the parachute.Additionally, forward speed is reduced to the point that penetration into even light winds maynot be possible. Therefore, the wing loading range below 0.5 lb/ft² is NOT allowed.A wing loading between 0.5 and 0.7 lb/ft² is considered a light wing loading. It is especiallyrecommended for low experienced jumpers. This wing loading may allow you to make smallmistakes, such as an early or late flare, without severe consequences. The parachute is still alittle bit sensitive to unstable atmospheric conditions, such as turbulence. In consideration ofthis, even though other people might be jumping, this wing loading should not be consideredsafe in unstable atmospheric conditions.A wing loading in the range from 0.7 to1.1 lb/ft² is recommended for most jumpers. Theparachute will have the best overall performance within this range. This wing loadingestablishes the best balance between properties like speed, flare power, reactivity, andresistance to adverse atmospheric conditions.A wing loading between 1.1 and 1.325 lb/ft² is ONLY allowed for very experienced jumpers whoare aware of the dangers associated with flying a highly loaded reserve parachute. Landing aparachute with this wing loading requires a high skill level, especially in small landing areas, athigh density altitudes, or in congested traffic areas. At this wing loading, even with a fullydeployed parachute, being unconscious or making an error of judgment during landing can stillresult in serious injury or even death.A wing loading higher than 1.325 lb/ft² is unsafe because of the high descent rate even with afully deployed canopy. At this wing loading, the parachute cannot be expected to save your life |
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