Chapter 12 List of Machine Language InstructionsList of Machine Language Instructions 24312.3.5 Branching InstructionsCALL SubroutineMnemonic Description of operationCALL labellabel is either (d16,PC) or (d32,PC). Push the program counter containing the addressof the next instruction and necessary registers onto the stack, secure the necessarystack area, and branch to the specified address.This instruction is used paired with either a RET or RETF instruction. This pairprovides high-speed saving and restoring of registers to and from the stack and thesecuring and release of the stack area.CALLS (An)Push the program counter containing the address of the next instruction onto the stackand branch to the specified address. This instruction is used paired with a RETSinstruction for table jumps and other situations where the registers to be saved and thesize of the stack area are not known and for situations requiring backwardcompatibility with JSR.CALLS labellabel is either (d16,PC) or (d32,PC). Push the program counter onto the stack andbranch to the specified address. This instruction is used paired with a RETSinstruction for table jumps and other situations where the registers to be saved and thesize of the stack area are not known and for situations requiring backwardcompatibility with JSR.RET Restore saved registers from the stack, free the stack area, and branch to the returnaddress saved on the stack. RET is used paired with CALL and the funcinfo directive.RETF Restore saved registers from the stack, free the stack area, and branch to the returnaddress stored in MDR. RETF is used paired with CALL and the funcinfo directive.RETS Branch to the return address saved on the stack. RETS is used paired with CALLS. Itis also used to maintain backward compatibility with RTS.JSR (An) Push the program counter containing the address of the next instruction onto the stackand branch to the specified address.JSR label label is either (d16,PC) or (d32,PC). Push the program counter containing the addressof the next instruction onto the stack and branch to the specified address.RTS Branch to the return address saved on the stack.RTS is used paired with JSR to maintain backward compatibility.RTIReturn from an interrupt service routine.Restore the PSW stored on the stack and branch to the return address saved on thestack.TRAPPush the program counter containing the address of the next instruction onto the stackand branch to the predefined address (0x40000010).This instruction is used for system calls to the operating system and libraries.
