Health and safety information33Appendix C: Consumer Update onWireless PhonesU.S. Food and Drug Administration1. What kinds of phones are the subject of thisupdate?The term wireless phone refers here to hand-heldwireless phones with built-in antennas, often calledcell, mobile, or PCS phones. These types of wirelessphones can expose the user to measurable radiofrequency energy (RF) because of the short distancebetween the phone and the user s head. These RFexposures are limited by Federal CommunicationsCommission safety guidelines that were developedwith the advice of FDA and other federal health andsafety agencies. When the phone is located at greaterdistances from the user, the exposure to RF isdrastically lower because a person’s RF exposuredecreases rapidly with increasing distance from thesource. The so-called “cordless phones,” which have abase unit connected to the telephone wiring in ahouse, typically operate at far lower power levels, andthus produce RF exposures well within the FCC’scompliance limits.2. Do wireless phones pose a health hazard?The available scientific evidence does not show thatany health problems are associated with usingwireless phones. There is no proof, however, thatwireless phones are absolutely safe. Wireless phonesemit low levels of radio frequency energy (RF) in themicrowave range while being used. They also emitvery low levels of RF when in the stand-by mode.Whereas high levels of RF can produce health effects(by heating tissue), exposure to low level RF that doesnot produce heating effects causes no known adversehealth effects. Many studies of low level RF exposureshave not found any biological effects. Some studieshave suggested that some biological effects mayoccur, but such findings have not been confirmed byadditional research. In some cases, other researchershave had difficulty in reproducing those studies, or indetermining the reasons for inconsistent results.