36Chapter 10 Theory of OperationsTroubleshootingApparent malfunctions are often the result of misinterpretation of specifications or due to an incompleteunderstanding of the instrument. A thorough review of the operating instructions for thisinstrument is recommended prior to any component replacement. Check to be sure that cables andother test equipment are in good working order before attempting to troubleshoot the ohmmeter.If the ohmmeter exhibits problems that cannot be eliminated by reviewing the operating instructions, thefollowing guidelines have been established to help solve the problem.Localizing the ProblemThe key to successful troubleshooting is to localize the problem as much as possible before trying to pinthe problem down to a specific component. Certain questions should be asked such as "Does theproblem occur on all ranges or on a specific range only?". The power supplies are also one of the firstthings that should be checked.As it is not possible to anticipate all failure modes of the ohmmeter, servicing personnel should becomefamiliar with this Chapter of the manual to gain a complete understanding of the internal workings ofthis instrument.Component ReplacementIf the problem has been identified as a faulty component, the accuracy of the ohmmeter can bemaintained only if the following precautions are taken:Use only the specified replacement component or its exact equivalent. Spare parts can beordered from your nearest Valhalla Scientific Service Center or from the factory directly byreferring to the Valhalla Stock Number listed in the Parts Lists section at the back of thismanual.Use only 63/37 grade rosin core electronic grade solder with a 50W or lower maximumpower soldering iron.When soldering, heat the terminal of the component, not the solder. Apply solder smoothlyand evenly. Do not move the component until the solder has cooled. Bad solder joints cancause additional problems!Static sensitive parts require special handling procedures. Always treat an unknown part asif it were static sensitive.