To use a "shift" (repeater operation), press the "Channel/Frequency" key and poweron the rig, the display shows .000, rotate the big upper right knob to change to thedesired value, then the "Function" key (small F in display) and the "Priority" key todisplay a + or -CTCSSUnder the "Light" key there is the key for the CTCSSFirst press will enable CTCSS at transmit ("enc" displayed).Second press of the key will enable CTCSS at receive ("dec" displayed)Third press of the key will disable both.Pressing the "Function" key and then the "CTCSS" key you can adjust the CTCSSfrequency.In fact, programming this rig is exactly like the well-known FT-23R except for somefunctionsSome other adjustments are inside the box (solder pads) (Do it at your own risks!)Default setup is:Solder pads1 open2 shorted3 open4 shorted5 shorted6 open7 open8 open9 open10 shortedFrequency step is solder pad #4: open = 5 KHz step, shorted = 12.5 KHz step.(May needs replacing some components)Battery saver is solder pad #6: open = on, shorted = offChannel / frequency display is solder pad #7: open = channel, shorted = frequencyBusy channel lock out is solder pad #8: open = off, shorted = onBusy tone lock out is solder pad #9: open = off, shorted = onBehind PTT rubber cover you will find a switch for testing/clone mode