61Full DuplexA system that allows packets to be transmitted andreceived at the same time and, in effect, doubles thepotential throughput of a link.Half DuplexA system that allows packets to be transmitted andreceived, but not at the same time. Half duplex is notsupported for 1000 Mbps. Contrast with full duplex.IEEEInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. ThisAmerican organization was founded in 1963 and setsstandards for computers and communications.IEEE 802.1DSpecifies a general method for the operation of MACbridges, including the Spanning Tree Protocol.IEEE 802.1QVLAN Tagging - Defines Ethernet frame tags which carryVLAN information. It allows switches to assignendstations to different virtual LANs, and defines astandard way for VLANs to communicate acrossswitched networks.IEEE 802.3adA standard that defines link aggregation. 802.3ad isnow incorporated into the relevant sections of the IEEEStd. 802.3-2002.IETFInternet Engineering Task Force. An organizationresponsible for providing engineering solutions forTCP/IP networks. In the network management area, thisgroup is responsible for the development of the SNMPprotocol.IPInternet Protocol. IP is a layer 3 network protocol thatis the standard for sending data through a network. IPis part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that describe therouting of packets to addressed devices. An IP addressconsists of 32 bits divided into two or three fields: anetwork number and a host number or a networknumber, a subnet number, and a host number.IP AddressInternet Protocol Address. A unique identifier for adevice attached to a network using TCP/IP. The addressis written as four octets separated with periods(full-stops), and is made up of a network section, anoptional subnet section and a host section.ISPInternet Service Provider. An ISP is a business thatprovides connectivity to the Internet for individuals andother businesses or organizations.LANLocal Area Network. A network of end stations (suchas PCs, printers, servers) and network devices (hubs and