This section provides a guide to the correct stunning position and direction for certain animals, andhelps you to select the correct cartridge for that animal.The cartridge selection information provided within this section of this instruction manual is notcategorical and is hence supplied as guidance only.GOOD PRACTISE4 Understand animal welfare - refer to the Animal Welfare section for further guidance4 Always ensure your stunning tool is in good working order4 Stunning tools should be cleaned and maintained in accordance with theinstructions within this manual4 Ensure at least 2 stunning tools are present near the stun box4 Stunning tools will require more maintenance if used with cartridges that are more powerfulthan is necessary for the target animalEFFECTIVE STUNNINGThe cartridge selection and the blow being applied to the correct part of the skull and in the rightdirection is important in ensuring an effective stun. Refer to the diagrams and selection charts within thissection as guidance towards selection. To obtain maximum effect, the muzzle of the tool must be struckaccurately on the target animals head.The physical signs of an effective stun are:Quadrupeds4 Animal collapses4 No rhythmic breathing4 Fixed, glazed expression in the eyes4 No corneal reflex4 Relaxed jaw4 Tongue hanging looseTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STUN MUST BE VERIFIED BEFORE THE ANIMAL IS SLAUGHTERED.FAILURE TO STUNIf an animal is not properly stunned it must be re-stunned immediately. Using the second or analternative stunning tool, a repeat shot must always be placed so as to avoid the immediate area ofthe first shot.STUN-TO-STICK TIMESThe humane killing of livestock using captive-bolt equipment is a two-stage procedure. After the animalhas been stunned, it must be bled (or pithed*) immediately to ensure rapid death.The stun-to-stick interval is the time from the application of stunning equipment to the start of bleeding.After stunning, sticking should be conducted without delay with a maximum stun-to-stick interval of 15seconds recommended for all species in the field. In the abattoir, all pigs, sheep and goats should also bestuck within 15 seconds. However, on the majority of cattle lines, where the carcass must be hoistedto a bleed area, maximum stun-to-stick intervals of 60 seconds for the penetrative captive-bolt areacceptable. (These figures are obtained from the Humane Slaughter Association (HSA) website).* Dependant upon localised regulations in force.CASH®CowpuncherEFFECTIVE STUNNING ANDCARTRIDGE SELECTIONP9SECTION 5©