Motor User Manual Motor OperationNanomotion Ltd. 133 Motor OperationOperation Principle of EDGE & EDGE-4X3.1MotorsThe Piezoelectric effect in piezo materials converts an electrical field intomechanical strain. Under special electrical excitation drive and specific geometryof Nanomotion motors, longitudinal extension and transverse bending oscillationmodes are excited simultaneously at a single frequency. The simultaneousexcitation of the longitudinal extension mode and the transverse bending modecreates a small elliptical trajectory of the ceramic tip, thus achieving the dualmode standing wave motor patented by Nanomotion. By coupling the ceramic tipto a precision stage, a resultant driving force is exerted on the stage, causingstage movement. The periodic nature of the driving force at frequencies muchhigher than the mechanical resonance of the stage allows continuous smoothmotion for unlimited travel, while maintaining high resolution and positioningaccuracy typical of piezoelectric devices. Motion can be linear or rotary,depending on the coupling mechanism.Driving Modes3.2The EDGE & EDGE-4X motors can be driven by a custom NM ASIC driver, oralternatively by an XCD and XCD2 EDGE & EDGE-4X Driver-Controller (refer tosection 1.2 for Reference Documentation). The drivers can drive the motor in twodriving modes:• Standard Driving Mode – standard motor operation mode. In this mode themotor is motionless up to approximately ±1.5V command (Dead Band).Nanomotion motion algorithm enables smooth motion as well as micron-leveldisplacement. This drive mode is the default mode for open / close-loop.