6CHIP-8 includes a real time clock, random numbergenerator, decimal conversion, and digit or graphicdisplay capability. It only uses 512 bytes of RAM leavingover 1024 bytes for programs in a 2048-byte system.(You can get an additional 2048 bytes of RAM byplugging four more RAM chips into your card.)With the aid of the User Manual for the CDPI802COSMAC Microprocessor, MPM-201, you can explorethe fascinating world of machine language programming.You can even combine, machine language programs withCHIP-8 programs or develop your own interpretivelanguages.For hardware hackers, COSMAC VIP providescomplete external interface capabilities. Somesuggestions for inexpensive external devices andapplications are listed in Section VI. Logic diagrams,data sheets, trouble -shooting hints, and test programs areprovided so that you can explore the hardware in as muchdetail as you want.This manual assumes that you are familiar withcomputer basics from reading one or more of theexcellent magazines devoted to home computing. Youshould understand RAM, ROM, memory addressing,instructions, bytes, etc. The use of a scopeRCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manualwill facilitate setting up the cassette system and iden-tifying hardware problems in the rare case where theyoccur. Hex notation is used in this manual unless notedotherwise. (One byte equals two hex digits.)The Power SupplyThe output wires of the internally regulated powerconverter supplied with the COSMAC VIP CDP18S711are connected to the +V DC and GND pads at the backleft comer of the PC card. The power converter output isregulated +5 V DC at 600 mA. If you wish to add moreRAM to your system, however, you may need ahigher-current power supply. A 2048-byte systemrequires about 350 mA (600 mA worst case). A4096-byte system should require average current ofabout 600 mA. If, however, your RAM chips requireabove average power, you may need to supply as muchas 900 mA at 5 V DC, regulated. You can also use yourown unregulated 8 to 10 V DC power supply by addingvoltage regulator U28 (plus heatsink) to your COSMACVIP card and cutting the printed circuit link called LKI.Never apply more than +5 V DC to the card unless theU28 regulator has been added and link LKI cut.Photograph of COSMAC VIP (Video Interface Processor) CDP18S711 Thecables in the upper right are for the video display and for cassetteoperation. Cable on the upper left goes to the power converter.