139Roof racks, caravan and trailer towingCaravan and trailer loads 1)The permissible caravan / trailer loads arevehicle-dependent and engine-dependentmaximum values which must not beexceeded. The actual caravan / trailer loadis the difference between the actual grossweight of the caravan / trailer and theactual coupling socket load with thecaravan / trailer coupled. When thecaravan / trailer load is being checked,therefore, only the caravan / trailer wheels– and not the jockey wheel – must bestanding on the weighing apparatus.The permissible caravan / trailer loads foryour vehicle are given in the vehicledocuments. Unless otherwise stated, theyare valid for gradients up to max. 12%.The permissible caravan / trailer loadshould be fully utilised only by drivers whoare adequately experienced in towinglarge or heavy caravans / trailers.The permitted caravan / trailer loadapplies up to the specified incline and up toan altitude of 1000 metres above sea-level.Since engine power decreases as altitudeincreases because of the air becomingthinner, therefore reducing climbing ability,the permitted towing weight also decreasesby 10 % for every 1000 metres of additionalaltitude. The towing weight does not haveto be reduced when driving on roads withslight inclines (less than 8%, e. g.motorways).The actual caravan / trailer load plus theactual Gross Vehicle Weight of the towingvehicle must not exceed the maximumpermitted towing weight. For example, ifthe permitted Gross Vehicle Weight isutilised, the caravan / trailer load must onlybe used until the maximum permittedtowing weight is reached. The maximumpermitted towing weight is shown on theidentification plate – see page 196.Coupling socket loadThe coupling socket load is the loadexerted by the caravan / trailer on thecoupling ball. It can be varied by changingthe weight distribution when loading thecaravan / trailer.The maximum permissible coupling socketload (50 kg) is specified on the towingequipment identification plate and in thevehicle documents. Always aim for themaximum load, especially in the case ofheavy caravans / trailers. The couplingsocket load should never fall below 25 kg.When measuring the coupling socket load,make sure that the drawbar of the loadedcaravan / trailer is at the same height as itwill be when the caravan / trailer is coupledwith the towing vehicle loaded. Particularlyimportant for caravans / trailers withtandem axle.Rear axle load during towingThe permissible axle loads must not beexceeded.1) Observe national regulations.