Glossary_ 69written as 12 hexadecimal characters grouped in pairs (e. g.,00-00-0c-34-11-4e). This address is usually hard-coded into a NetworkInterface Card (NIC) by its manufacturer, and used as an aid for routerstrying to locate machines on large networks.MFPMulti Function Peripheral (MFP) is an office machine that includes thefollowing functionality in one physical body, so as to have a printer, acopier, a fax, a scanner and etc.NetWareA network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. It initially usedcooperative multitasking to run various services on a PC, and thenetwork protocols were based on the archetypal Xerox XNS stack.Today NetWare supports TCP/IP as well as IPX/SPX.OPCOrganic Photo Conductor (OPC) is a mechanism that makes a virtualimage for print using a laser beam emitted from a laser printer, and it isusually green or gray colored and a cylinder shaped.An exposing unit of a drum is slowly worn away by its usage of theprinter, and it should be replaced appropriately since it gets scratchesfrom grits of a paper.OSIOpen Systems Interconnection (OSI) is a model developed by theInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO) for communications.OSI offers a standard, modular approach to network design that dividesthe required set of complex functions into manageable, self-contained,functional layers. The layers are, from top to bottom, Application,Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link and Physical.PCLPrinter Command Language (PCL) is a Page Description Language(PDL) developed by HP as a printer protocol and has become anindustry standard. Originally developed for early inkjet printers, PCL hasbeen released in varying levels for thermal, matrix printer, and pageprinters.PDFPortable Document Format (PDF) is a proprietary file format developedby Adobe Systems for representing two dimensional documents in adevice independent and resolution independent format.PostScriptPostScript (PS) is a page description language and programminglanguage used primarily in the electronic and desktop publishing areas. -that is run in an interpreter to generate an image.Printer DriverA program used to send commands and transfer data from the computerto the printer.Print MediaThe media like paper, envelopes, labels, and transparencies which canbe used on a printer, a scanner, a fax or, a copier.PPMPages Per Minute (PPM) is a method of measurement for determininghow fast a printer works, meaning the number of pages a printer canproduce in one minute.PRN fileAn interface for a device driver, this allows software to interact with thedevice driver using standard input/output system calls, which simplifiesmany tasks.ProtocolA convention or standard that controls or enables the connection,communication, and data transfer between two computing endpoints.PSSee PostScript.RADIUSRemote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) is a protocol forremote user authentication and accounting. RADIUS enablescentralized management of authentication data such as usernames andpasswords using an AAA (authentication, authorization, and accounting)concept to manage network access.ResolutionThe sharpness of an image, measured in Dots Per Inch (DPI). Thehigher the dpi, the greater the resolution.SMBServer Message Block (SMB) is a network protocol mainly applied toshare files, printers, serial ports, and miscellaneous communicationsbetween nodes on a network. It also provides an authenticatedInter-process communication mechanism.SMTPSimple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the standard for e-mailtransmissions across the Internet. SMTP is a relatively simple,text-based protocol, where one or more recipients of a message arespecified, and then the message text is transferred. It is a client-serverprotocol, where the client transmits an email message to the server.Subnet MaskThe subnet mask is used in conjunction with the network address todetermine which part of the address is the network address and whichpart is the host address.TCP/IPThe Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP);the set of communications protocols that implement the protocol stackon which the Internet and most commercial networks run.TCRTransmission Confirmation Report (TCR) provides details of eachtransmission such as job status, transmission result and number of