106 Copyright © Nokia 20046.What is FDA doing to find out more about the possible health effects ofwireless phone RF?FDA is working with the U.S. National Toxicology Program and with groups of investigatorsaround the world to ensure that high priority animal studies are conducted to addressimportant questions about the effects of exposure to radiofrequency energy (RF).FDA has been a leading participant in the World Health Organization InternationalElectromagnetic Fields (EMF) Project since its inception in 1996. An influential result of thiswork has been the development of a detailed agenda of research needs that has driven theestablishment of new research programs around the world. The Project has also helpeddevelop a series of public information documents on EMF issues.FDA and the Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA) have a formalCooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) to do research on wirelessphone safety. FDA provides the scientific oversight, obtaining input from experts in government,industry, and academic organizations. CTIA-funded research is conducted through contractsto independent investigators. The initial research will include both laboratory studies andstudies of wireless phone users. The CRADA will also include a broad assessment of additionalresearch needs in the context of the latest research developments around the world.7. How can I find out how much radiofrequency energy exposure I can get byusing my wireless phone?All phones sold in the United States must comply with Federal Communications Commission(FCC) guidelines that limit radiofrequency energy (RF) exposures. FCC established theseguidelines in consultation with FDA and the other federal health and safety agencies. TheFCC limit for RF exposure from wireless telephones is set at a Specific Absorption Rate(SAR) of 1.6 watts per kilogram (1.6 W/kg). The FCC limit is consistent with the safetystandards developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IEEE) and theNational Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement. The exposure limit takes intoconsideration the body’s ability to remove heat from the tissues that absorb energy from thewireless phone and is set well below levels known to have effects.Manufacturers of wireless phones must report the RF exposure level for each model ofphone to the FCC. The FCC website (http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety) gives directions forlocating the FCC identification number on your phone so you can find your phone’s RFexposure level in the online listing.8. What has FDA done to measure the radiofrequency energy coming fromwireless phones?The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) is developing a technical standardfor measuring the radiofrequency energy (RF) exposure from wireless phones and otherwireless handsets with the participation and leadership of FDA scientists and engineers. Thestandard, Recommended Practice for Determining the Spatial-Peak Specific AbsorptionRate (SAR) in the Human Body Due to Wireless Communications Devices: ExperimentalTechniques, sets forth the first consistent test methodology for measuring the rate at whichRF is deposited in the heads of wireless phone users. The test method uses a tissue-simulatingmodel of the human head. Standardized SAR test methodology is expected to greatlyimprove the consistency of measurements made at different laboratories on the same phone.SAR is the measurement of the amount of energy absorbed in tissue, either by the wholebody or a small part of the body. It is measured in watts/kg (or milliwatts/g) of matter. Thismeasurement is used to determine whether a wireless phone complies with safety guidelines.