10.3. REFRIGERANT PIPING WORKWhen working with refrigerant piping, the following points mustbe carefully observed: no moisture od dust must be allowed toenter the piping, and there must be no refrigerant leaks.1. Procedure and precautions for flaring worka. Cut the pipeUse a pipe cutter, and cut slowly so the pipe will not bedeformed.b. Remove burrs and clean shavings from the cut surfaceIf the shape of the pipe end is poor after removing burrs,or if shavings adhere to the flared area, it may lead torefrigerant leaks.To prevent this, turn the cut surface downward andremove burrs, then clean the surface, carefully.c. Insert the flare nut (be sure to used the same nut that isused on the AC unit).d. FlaringCheck the clamp bar and the cleanliness of the copperpipe.Be sure to sued the clamp bar to do the flaring withaccuracy. Use either an R410A flaring tool, or aconventional flaring tool. Flaring tools come in differentsizes, so be sure to check the size before using. Whenusing a conventional flaring tool, use the copper pipegauge for clearance adjustment, etc., to ensure thecorrect A dimension (see Fig. 10).Fig. 10 Flaring dimensions10.3.1. Piping MaterialsIt is recommended that you use copper and copper alloy jointless pipes with a maximum oil adherence of 40 mg/10m. Do not usedpipes that are crushed, deformed, or discolored (especially the inside surface). If these inferior pipes are used, impurities may clogthe expansion valves or capillaries.Because the pressure of ACs using R410A is higher than those using R22, it is essential that you select materials that areappropriate for these standards.The thickness of the copper tubing used for R410A is shown in Table 10. Please be aware that tubing with a thickness of only 0.7mm is also available on the market, but this should never be used.Table 10 Difference between R410A and conventional copper tubeSoft pipe Thickness (mm)Nominal diameter Outside diameter (mm) R410A (Reference) R221/4 6.35 0.80 0.803/8 9.52 0.80 0.801/2 12.7 0.80 0.8010.3.2. Processing and Connecting Piping MaterialsFig. 11 Relation between the flare nut structure and flaring tool end61CS-W12CTP CU-W12CTP5 / CS-W18CTP CU-W18CTP5 / CS-W24CTP CU-W24CTP5