63Helpful HintsBitstreamThis is the digital form of multi-channel audio data (e.g., 5.1 channel)before it is decoded into its various channels.CPRM (Content Protection for Recordable Media)CPRM is technology used to protect broadcasts that are allowed tobe recorded only once. Such broadcasts can be recorded only withCPRM compatible recorders and discs.Dynamic rangeDynamic range is the difference between the lowest level of soundthat can be heard above the noise of the equipment and the highestlevel of sound before distortion occurs. Dynamic range compressionmeans reducing the gap between the loudest and softest sounds.This means you can listen at low volumes but still hear dialog clearly.Film and videoDVD-Videos are recorded using either film or video. This unit candetermine which type has been used, then uses the most suitablemethod of progressive output.≥Film is 24 or 30 frames per second, with motion picture filmgenerally being 24 frames per second.≥Video is 60 fields per second (two fields making up one frame).FinalizeA process that makes play of a recorded CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R etc.possible on equipment that can play such media. You can finalizeDVD-R on this unit.FormattingFormatting is the process of making media such as DVD-RAMrecordable on recording equipment.You can format DVD-RAM on this unit.Formatting irrevocably erases all recordings on the disc.Frame and fieldFrame refers to the single images that constitute the video you seeon your TV. Each frame consists of two fields.Frame Field Field≥A frame still shows two fields, so there may be some blurring, butpicture quality is generally better.≥A field still shows less picture information so it may be rougher, butthere is no blurring.Linear PCM (LPCM)These are uncompressed digital signals. CDs are recorded with 44.1kHz/16 bit PCM, while DVDs use PCM between 48 kHz/16 bit and 96kHz/24 bit, allowing playback with greater quality sound.The linear PCM signals output from the DIGITAL AUDIO OUTOPTICAL terminal are stereo (2 channel).LPCM sound is available when recording in XP mode.MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)An audio compression method that compresses audio toapproximately one tenth of its size without any considerable loss ofaudio quality. You can play MP3s you have recorded onto CD-R andCD-RW.Pan & Scan/LetterboxIn general, DVD-Video are produced with the intention that they beviewed on a widescreen TV (16:9 aspect ratio), so images oftendon’t fit regular (4:3 aspect ratio) TVs. Two styles of picture,“Pan & Scan” and “Letterbox”, deal with this problem.Pan & Scan: The sides are cut off so the picture fills the screen.Letterbox: Black bands appear at the top and bottom of thepicture so the picture itself appears in an aspect ratioof 16:9.Playback control (PBC)If a Video CD has playback control, you can select scenes andinformation with menus.(This unit is compatible with version 2.0 and 1.1.)Progressive/InterlaceNTSC, the video signal standard, has 480 interlaced (I) scan lines,whereas progressive scanning uses twice the number of scan lines.This is called 480P.Using progressive output, you can enjoy the high-resolution videorecorded on media such as DVD-Video.Your TV must be compatible to enjoy progressive video.ProtectionYou can prevent accidental erasure by setting writing protection orerasure protection.Sampling frequencySampling is the process of converting the heights of sound wave(analog signal) samples taken at set periods into digits (digitalencoding). Sampling frequency is the number of samples taken persecond, so larger numbers mean more faithful reproduction of theoriginal sound.VBR (Variable Bitrate)This is a method of video recording that adjusts the bit rate accordingto video signal.Title/Chapter (DVD-Video)DVD-Video are divided into large sections (titles) and smallersections (chapters). The numbers allocated to these sections arecalled title numbers and chapter numbers.Example(1) Title 1(2) Title 2(3) Chapter 1(4) Chapter 2(5) Chapter 3TrackThis is the smallest division on CD and Video CD.Example(1) Track 1(2) Track 2(3) Track 3(4) Track 4(5) Track 5Glossary= +(1) (2)(3) (4) (3) (4)(5)(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)VHSDVD