Chapter 3Chapter 3 IP Routing Configuration GuideThis chapter describes how to configure IP interfaces and general non-protocol-specific routing parameters.IP Routing OverviewInternet Protocol (IP) is a packet-based protocol used to exchange data over computernetworks. IP handles addressing, routing, fragmentation, reassembly, and protocoldemultiplexing. In addition, IP specifies how hosts and routers should process packets,handle errors and discard packets. IP forms the foundation upon which transport layerprotocols, such as TCP or UDP, interoperate over a routed network.The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is built upon the IP layer. TCP is aconnection-oriented protocol that specifies the data format, buffering andacknowledgments used in the transfer of data. TCP is a full-duplex connection whichalso specifies the procedures that the computers use to ensure that the data arrivescorrectly.The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides the primary mechanism that applicationsuse to send datagrams to other application programs. UDP is a connectionless protocolthat does not guarantee delivery of datagrams between applications. Applicationswhich use UDP are responsible for ensuring successful data transfer by employingerror handling, retransmission and sequencing techniques.TCP and UDP also specify “ports,” which identify the application which is using TCP/UDP. For example, a web server would typically use TCP/UDP port 80, whichspecifies HTTP-type traffic.The SSR supports standards based TCP, UDP, and IP.IP Routing ProtocolsThe SSR supports standards based unicast and multicast routing. Unicast routingprotocol support include Interior Gateway Protocols and Exterior Gateway Protocols.Multicast routing protocols are used to determine how multicast data is transferred ina routed environment.Unicast Routing ProtocolsInterior Gateway Protocols are used for routing networks that are within an“autonomous system,” a network of relatively limited size. All IP interior gatewayprotocols must be specified with a list of associated networks before routing activitiescan begin. A routing process listens to updates from other routers on these networks
