Yamaha RX-V367 Owner's Manual

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Contents

En 56APPENDIXAudio informationAudio and video synchronization (lip sync)Lip sync, an abbreviation for lip synchronization, is a technical term thatinvolves both a problem, and the capability of maintaining audio and videosignals synchronized during post-production and transmission.Whereas the audio and video latency requires complex end-useradjustment, HDMI version 1.3 incorporates an automatic audio and videosyncing capability that allows devices to perform this synchronizationautomatically and accurately without user interaction.Dolby DigitalDolby Digital is a digital surround sound system that gives you completelyindependent multi-channel audio. With 3 front channels (front L/R andcenter), and 2 surround stereo channels, Dolby Digital provides 5 full-rangeaudio channels. With an additional channel especially for bass effects,referred to as LFE (Low-Frequency Effect), the system has a total of 5.1-channels (LFE is counted as 0.1 channel). By using 2-channel stereo for thesurround speakers, more accurate moving sound effects and surround soundenvironments are possible than with Dolby Surround. The wide dynamicrange from maximum to minimum volumes that are reproduced by the 5full-range channels, and the precise sound orientation generated usingdigital sound processing provides listeners with unprecedented excitementand realism. With this unit, any sound environment from monaural up to a5.1-channel configuration can be freely selected for your enjoyment.Dolby Pro Logic IIDolby Pro Logic II is an improved technique used to decode vast numbersof existing Dolby Surround sources. This new technology enables a discrete5-channel playback with 2 front left and right channels, 1 center channel,and 2 surround left and right channels, instead of only 1 surround channelfor conventional Pro Logic technology. There are three modes available:“Music mode” for music sources, “Movie mode” for movie sources, and“Game mode” for game sources.Dolby SurroundDolby Surround uses a 4-channel analog recording system to reproducerealistic and dynamic sound effects: 2 front left and right channels (stereo),a center channel for dialog (monaural), and a surround channel for specialsound effects (monaural). The surround channel reproduces sound within anarrow frequency range. Dolby Surround is widely used with nearly allvideo tapes and laser discs, as well as in many TV and cable broadcasts.The Dolby Pro Logic decoder built into this unit employs a digital signalprocessing system that automatically stabilizes the volume on each channelto enhance moving sound effects and directionality.DTS Digital SurroundDTS Digital Surround was developed to replace the analog soundtracks ofmovies with a 5.1-channel digital sound track, and is now rapidly gainingpopularity in movie theaters around the world. DTS, Inc. has developed ahome theater system so that you can enjoy the depth of sound and naturalspatial representation of DTS Digital Surround in your home. This systemproduces practically distortion-free 5.1-channel sound (technically, left,right and center channels, 2 surround channels, plus an LFE 0.1 channel asa subwoofer, for a total of 5.1-channels).DSDDirect Stream Digital (DSD) technology stores audio signals on digitalstorage media, such as Super Audio CDs. Using DSD, signals are stored assingle bit values at a high-frequency sampling rate of 2.8224 MHz, whilenoise shaping and oversampling are used to reduce distortion, a commonoccurrence with very high quantization of audio signals. Due to the highsampling rate, better audio quality can be achieved than that offered by thePCM format used for normal audio CDs. The frequency is equal to orhigher than 100 kHz, with a dynamic range of 120 dB. This unit cantransmit or receive DSD signals via the HDMI jack.LFE 0.1 channelThis channel reproduces low-frequency bass signals, and has a frequencyrange from 20 Hz to 120 Hz. This channel is counted as 0.1, because it onlyenforces a low-frequency range compared to the full-range reproduced bythe other 5 channels in Dolby Digital or DTS 5.1-channel systems.PCM (Linear PCM)Linear PCM is a signal format under which an analog audio signal isdigitized, recorded and transmitted without using any compression. This isused as a method of recording CDs and DVD audio. The PCM system usesa technique for sampling the size of the analog signal per very small unit oftime. Standing for “Pulse Code Modulation,” the analog signal is encodedas pulses and then modulated for recording.Sampling frequency and number of quantized bitsWhen digitizing an analog audio signal, the number of times the signal issampled per second is called the sampling frequency, while the degree ofaccuracy when converting the sound level into a numeric value is called thenumber of quantized bits. The range of rates that can be played back isdetermined based on the sampling rate, whereas the dynamic rangerepresenting the sound level difference is determined by the number ofquantized bits. In principle, the higher the sampling frequency, the widerthe range of frequencies that can be played back, and the higher the numberof quantized bits, the more accurately the sound level can be reproduced.Sound field program informationCINEMA DSPSince the Dolby Surround and DTS systems were originally designed foruse in movie theaters, their effect is best felt in a theater having manyspeakers designed for acoustic effects. Since home conditions, such asroom size, wall material, number of speakers, and so on, can differ sowidely, it is inevitable that there are differences in the sound that is heard.Based on a wealth of actually measured data, Yamaha CINEMA DSP usesYamaha’s original DSP technology to combine Dolby Pro Logic, DolbyDigital, and DTS systems to provide the audiovisual experience of a movietheater in the listening room of your own home.Compressed music enhancerThe Compressed music enhancer feature of this unit enhances yourlistening experience by regenerating the missing harmonics in compressionartifacts. As a result, it compensates for flattened complexity due to the lossof high-frequency fidelity as well as lack of bass due to the loss of low-frequency bass, providing improved performance for the overall soundsystem.Glossary