User and Programming Manual – Rev P California InstrumentsIf you now enter :VOLTage, the active path again moves one colon to the right. The interfaceis now ready to accept either :RANGe or :LEVel as the next header.If you now enter :RANGe you have reached the end of the command string. The activeheader path remains at :RANGe If you wished, you could have entered :RANGe 136 ;LEVel115 and it would be accepted as a compound message consisting of:1. SOUR:VOLT:RANG 136.2. SOUR:VOLT:LEV 115.The entire message would be:SOUR:VOLT:RANG 136;LEV 115.The message terminator after LEVel 115 returns the path to the root.Note: The RP Series interface buffer is limited to 21 characters, however. As such,compound commands are not recommended as they often exceed this message length limit.Moving Among SubsystemsIn order to combine commands from different subsystems, you need to be able to restorethe active path to the root. You do this with the root specifier (:). For example, you could setthe output frequency to 60 Hz and set the display mode to frequency.FREQ 60DISP:MODE 0Because the root specifier resets the command parser to the root, you can use the rootspecifier and do the same thing in one message:FREQ 60;:DISP:MODE 0Including Common CommandsYou can combine common commands with system commands in the same message. Treatthe common command as a message unit by separating it with a semicolon (the messageunit separator). Common commands do not affect the active header path; you may insertthem anywhere in the message.VOLTage 115;*ESE 255OUTPut 0;*RCL 212.3. Using QueriesObserve the following precautions with queries:• Set up the proper number of variables for the returned data.• Read back all the results of a query before sending another command to the ACsource. Otherwise a Query Error will occur and the unreturned data will be lost.RP Series October 2005 45