Daihatsu 1997 Terios J100 Service Manual

Contents

Daihatsu 1997 Terios J100 Service Manual Manual pdf 405 page image

TORQUE CONVERTERThe torque converter employs a three-element, one-stage,two- phase type converter, as has been hitherto employed.CONSTRUCTIONThe torque converter consists of a front cover to which a driveplate is attached, a pump impeller integral with the torqueconverter cover, a turbine runner which is spline-fitted with theinput shaft at the transmission side, a stator, a one-way clutchwhich supports the stator and so forth.AT–4OPERATIONWhen the ratio of the turbine runner speed to the pump im-peller speed is small, the fluid returning from the turbine run-ner to the pump impeller flows in such a direction that pre-vents the rotation of the pump impeller. Therefore, the installa-tion of the stator helps converting the fluid flow in such a di-rection that the pump impeller rotation is assisted.The torque ratio becomes a maximum of about 2.0 when thespeed ratio is zero (at the time when the turbine runner isstopped). The torque ratio at this time is called the stalltorque, whereas this stage is called the stall point.Until the speed ratio reaches about 0.8, fluid transmissiontakes place, while increasing the torque. As the speed ratiobecomes greater, the torque ratio decreases. This stage iscalled the torque converter range.When the speed ratio becomes above about 0.8, the torqueratio is maintained at about one, transmitting the same torquewithout altering it. This stage is called the fluid couplingrange.The efficiency rises in proportion to the speed ratio. Afterpassing a certain point, however, the increase rate of the effi-ciency starts to decline. This is because the fluid from the tur-bine runner begins to strike the back side of the stator, thuspreventing the fluid flow.Then, the one-way clutch of the stator operates, making thestator rotate. As a result, the increase rate of the efficiencystarts to increase again.a b 100806040201.00.80.60.40.21234Speed ratio (e)Torque ratio (t)Efficiency (η)ηtTorque converter rangeFluid coupling rangea:b:Speed ratio =e: Turbine shaft revolution speedPump shaft revolution speedTorque ratio =t: Turbine shaft torquePump shaft torqueEfficiency =η: × 100 (%)Output horse powerInput horse powerJAT00004-00002JAT00005-00003Front coverStatorOne-wayclutchPump impellerTurbine runner