TABLE OF CONTENTS4Approaching the sample......................................................................50Manual Coarse approach 51Manual approach using the approach stage 51Automatic final approach 52Starting a measurement ......................................................................54Selecting a measurement area............................................................55Storing the measurement ....................................................................57Creating a report..................................................................................57Finishing ..............................................................................................58Improving measurement quality 60Removing interfering signals ...............................................................60Judging measurement quality..............................................................61Adjusting the measurement plane .......................................................62Measurement modes 65Static Force .........................................................................................65Dynamic Force ....................................................................................66Phase Contrast ....................................................................................67Phase measurement 68Force Modulation .................................................................................69Spreading Resistance .........................................................................70The Signal Modules 72Signal Module: S .................................................................................72Signal Module: A .................................................................................73Using the User Inputs and Outputs 75Maintenance 76Scan head 76Scan electronics 76Problems and Solutions 77Software and Driver problems .............................................................77No connection to microscope 77USB Port error 77Driver problems 78AFM measurement problems ..............................................................80Probe Status light blinks red 80Image quality suddenly deteriorates 81Nanosurf support .................................................................................81Self help 81Assistance 82AFM Theory 83