Garmin GNS 530 Pilot's Manual & Reference

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Garmin GNS 530 Pilot's Manual & Reference Manual pdf 205 page image

GNS 530(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference190-00181-00 Rev. H 13-1SECTION 13TAWSSECTION 13: TAWSNOTE: GNS 530 units may* display either aTERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both)depending upon the installed hardware andconfiguration.* Some earlier units are not equipped to support theTERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will nothave a TERRAIN or TAWS page available.13.1 INTRODUCTIONTAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) isa feature to increase situational awareness and aid inreducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWSsatisfies TSO-C151b Class B requirements for certification.Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 aircraft operationswith six or more passenger seats and for Part 135 turbineaircraft operations with six to nine passenger seats (FARParts 91.223, 135.154).TAWS functionality is an available feature found inGNS 530 TAWS units with main software version 6.01 orabove, along with appropriate hardware upgrades. TAWSprovides visual and aural annunciations when terrain andobstacles are within the given altitude threshold from theaircraft.Operating CriteriaTAWS requires the following to operate properly:• The system must have a valid 3-D GPS positionsolution.• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/airport terrain database.LimitationsNOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databasescomes from government agencies. Garminaccurately processes and cross-validates thedata but cannot guarantee the accuracy andcompleteness of the data.TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to thealtitude of the aircraft. The displayed caution and warningalerts are advisory in nature only. Individual obstructionsmay be shown if available in the database. However, allobstructions may not be available in the database anddata may be inaccurate. Never use this information fornavigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles.Terrain information is based on terrain elevationinformation in a database that may contain inaccuracies.Terrain information should be used as an aid to situationalawareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver toavoid terrain.TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information suppliedby government sources. The data undergoes verificationby Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information should neverbe understood as being all-inclusive.TAWS AlertingTAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiverto provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitudeis derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude isconverted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine TAWS alerts.GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors suchas satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations inpressure and temperature that normally affect pressurealtitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does not require localaltimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore,GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSLaltitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts.