136 Health and Safety InformationWhat kinds of phones are the subject of this update?The term “wireless phones” refers here to hand-heldwireless phones with built-in antennas, often called “cell,”“mobile,” or “PCS”. These types of wireless phones canexpose the user to measurable radio frequency energy(RF) because of the short distance between the phone andthe user’s head. These RF exposures are limited byFederal Communications Commission safety guidelinesthat were developed with the advice of FDA and otherfederal health and safety agencies. When the phone islocated at greater distances from the user, the exposure toRF is drastically lower because a person’s RF exposuredecreases rapidly with increasing distance from thesource. The so-called “cordless phones” which have a baseunit connected to the phone wiring in a house, typicallyoperate at far lower per levels, and thus produce RFexposures far below the FCC safety limits.What are the results of the research done already?The research done thus far has produced conflictingresults, and many studies have suffered from flaws intheir research methods. Animal experimentsinvestigating the effects of radio frequency energy (RF)exposures characteristic of wireless phones have yieldedconflicting results that often cannot be repeated in otherlaboratories. A few animal studies, however, havesuggested that low levels of RF could Accelerate thedevelopment of cancer in laboratory animals. However,many of the studies that showed increased tumordevelopment used animals that had been genetically