104 G LOSSARYswitches) that cover a relatively small geographic area(usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs arecharacterized by high transmission speeds over shortdistances (up to 1000 metres).Layer 2Data Link layer in the ISO 7-Layer Data CommunicationsProtocol. This is related directly to the hardwareinterface for the network devices and passes on trafficbased on MAC addresses.Link AggregationSee Trunking.MACMedia Access Control. A protocol specified by the IEEEfor determining which devices have access to a networkat any one time.MAC AddressMedia Access Control Address. Also called thehardware, physical or Ethernet address. A layer 2address associated with a particular network device.Most devices that connect to a LAN have a MACaddress assigned to them as they are used to identifyother devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 byteslong.NetworkA Network is a collection of computers and othercomputer equipment that are connected for thepurpose of exchanging information or sharing resources.Networks vary in size, some are within a single room,others span continents.PingPacket Internet Groper. An Internet utility used todetermine whether a particular IP address is online. It isused to test and debug a network by sending out apacket and waiting for a response.Power over EthernetPoE technology describes a system to transmit electricalpower, along with data, to remote devices over standardtwisted-pair cable in an Ethernet network. Thistechnology is useful for powering IP telephones, wirelessLAN access points, network cameras, network hubs,embedded computers, and other appliances where itwould be inconvenient, expensive or infeasible to supplypower separately. It works with an unmodified Ethernetcabling infrastructure.ProtocolA set of rules for communication between devices on anetwork. The rules dictate format, timing, sequencingand error control.RJ-45A standard connector used to connect Ethernetnetworks. The "RJ" stands for "registered jack."