Health and Safety Information 85Reducing Exposure: Hands-Free Kits andOther AccessoriesSteps to Reduce Exposure to RadioFrequency EnergyIf there is a risk from being exposed to radiofrequency energy (RF) from cell phones - and at thispoint we do not know that there is - it is probablyvery small. But, if you are concerned about avoidingeven potential risks, you can take a few simple stepsto minimize your RF exposure.• Reduce the amount of time spent using your cell phone;• Use speaker mode or a headset to place more distancebetween your head and the cell phone.Hands-Free KitsHands-free kits may include audio or Bluetooth®headsets and various types of body-worn accessoriessuch as belt-clips and holsters. Combinations ofthese can be used to reduce RF energy absorptionfrom cell phones.Headsets can substantially reduce exposure becausethe phone is held away from the head in the user'shand or in approved body-worn accessories. Cellphones marketed in the U.S. are required to meet RFexposure compliance requirements when usedagainst the head and against the body.Because there are no known risks from exposure toRF emissions from cell phones, there is no reason tobelieve that hands-free kits reduce risks. Hands-freekits can be used for convenience and comfort. Theyare also required by law in many states if you want touse your phone while driving.Cell Phone Accessories that Claim to Shieldthe Head from RF RadiationBecause there are no known risks from exposure toRF emissions from cell phones, there is no reason tobelieve that accessories which claim to shield thehead from those emissions reduce risks. Someproducts that claim to shield the user from RFabsorption use special phone cases, while othersinvolve nothing more than a metallic accessoryattached to the phone. Studies have shown thatthese products generally do not work as advertised.Unlike “hands-free” kits, these so-called “shields”may interfere with proper operation of the phone. Thephone may be forced to boost its power tocompensate, leading to an increase in RF absorption.Children and Cell PhonesThe scientific evidence does not show a danger toany users of cell phones from RF exposure, includingchildren and teenagers. The steps adults can take toreduce RF exposure apply to children and teenagersas well.• Reduce the amount of time spent on the cell phone;• Use speaker mode or a headset to place more distancebetween the head and the cell phone.Some groups sponsored by other nationalgovernments have advised that children bediscouraged from using cell phones at all. Forexample, The Stewart Report from the UnitedKingdom made such a recommendation in December2000. In this report, a group of independent expertsnoted that no evidence exists that using a cell phone