94Individual susceptibility to noise-induced hearing lossand potential hearing problem varies. Additionally, theamount of sound produced by a portable audio devicevaries depending on the nature of the sound, thedevice settings, and the headphones that are used. Asa result, there is no single volume setting that isappropriate for everyone or for every combination ofsound, settings, and equipment.You should follow some common senserecommendations when using any portable audiodevice:• Always turn the volume down before plugging theearphones into an audio source.• Set the volume in a quiet environment and select thelowest volume at which you can hear adequately.• Be aware that you can adapt to higher volume settingsover time, not realizing that the higher volume may beharmful to your hearing.• When using headphones, turn the volume down if youcannot hear the people speaking near you or if the personsitting next to you can hear what you are listening to.• Do not turn the volume up to block out noisy surroundings.If you choose to listen to your portable device in a noisyenvironment, use noise-cancelling headphones to blockout background environmental noise. By blockingbackground environment noise, noise cancellingheadphones should allow you to hear the music at lowervolumes than when using earbuds.• Limit the amount of time you listen. As the volumeincreases, less time is required before you hearing couldbe affected.• Avoid using headphones after exposure to extremely loudnoises, such as rock concerts, that might causetemporary hearing loss. Temporary hearing loss mightcause unsafe volumes to sound normal.• Do not listen at any volume that causes you discomfort. Ifyou experience ringing in your ears, hear muffled speech,or experience any temporary hearing difficulty afterlistening to your portable audio device, discontinue useand consult your doctor.You can obtain additional information on this subjectfrom the following sources:American Academy of Audiology11730 Plaza American Drive, Suite 300Reston, VA 20190Voice: (800) 222-2336E-mail: info@audiology.orgInternet: http://www.audiology.org/Pages/default.aspxNational Institute on Deafness and OtherCommunication DisordersNational Institutes of Health31 Center Drive, MSC 2320Bethesda, MD 20892-2320E-mail: nidcdinfo@nih.govInternet: http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/