159exposures are limited by Federal Communications Commissionsafety guidelines that were developed with the advice of FDA andother federal health and safety agencies.When the phone is located at greater distances from the user, theexposure to RF is drastically lower because a person's RFexposure decreases rapidly with increasing distance from thesource. The so-called "cordless phones," which have a base unitconnected to the telephone wiring in a house, typically operate atfar lower power levels, and thus produce RF exposures wellwithin the FCC's compliance limits.Do wireless phones pose a health hazard?The available scientific evidence does not show that any healthproblems are associated with using wireless phones. There is noproof, however, that wireless phones are absolutely safe.Wireless phones emit low levels of radio frequency energy (RF) inthe microwave range while being used. They also emit very lowlevels of RF when in the stand-by mode. Whereas high levels ofRF can produce health effects (by heating tissue), exposure tolow level RF that does not produce heating effects causes noknown adverse health effects. Many studies of low level RFexposures have not found any biological effects. Some studieshave suggested that some biological effects may occur, but suchfindings have not been confirmed by additional research. In somecases, other researchers have had difficulty in reproducing thosestudies, or in determining the reasons for inconsistent results.What is FDA's role concerning the safety of wirelessphones?Under the law, FDA does not review the safety of radiation-emitting consumer products such as wireless phones before theycan be sold, as it does with new drugs or medical devices.However, the agency has authority to take action if wirelessphones are shown to emit radio frequency energy (RF) at a levelthat is hazardous to the user. In such a case, FDA could requirethe manufacturers of wireless phones to notify users of thehealth hazard and to repair, replace or recall the phones so thatthe hazard no longer exists.Although the existing scientific data do not justify FDA regulatoryactions, FDA has urged the wireless phone industry to take anumber of steps, including the following:• Support needed research into possible biological effects of RF of thetype emitted by wireless phones;• Design wireless phones in a way that minimizes any RF exposure tothe user that is not necessary for device function; and• Cooperate in providing users of wireless phones with the best possibleinformation on possible effects of wireless phone use on humanhealth.i897 Vegas.book Page 159 Monday, July 19, 2010 12:26 PM