Dell#show ipv6 ospf database grace-lsa!Type-11 Grace LSA (Area 0)LS Age : 10Link State ID : 6.16.192.66Advertising Router : 100.1.1.1LS Seq Number : 0x80000001Checksum : 0x1DF1Length : 36Associated Interface : Gi 5/3Restart Interval : 180Restart Reason : Switch to Redundant ProcessorOSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsecOSPFv3 authentication using IP security (IPsec) is supported only on Z9000 platform.OSPFv3 uses IPsec to provide authentication for OSPFv3 packets. IPsec authentication ensures security inthe transmission of OSPFv3 packets between IPsec-enabled routers.IPsec is a set of protocols developed by the internet engineering task force (IETF) to support secureexchange of packets at the IP layer. IPsec supports two encryption modes: transport and tunnel.• Transport mode — encrypts only the data portion (payload) of each packet, but leaves the headeruntouched.• Tunnel mode — is more secure and encrypts both the header and payload. On the receiving side, anIPsec-compliant device decrypts each packet.NOTE: Dell Networking OS supports only Transport Encryption mode in OSPFv3 authentication withIPsec.With IPsec-based authentication, Crypto images are used to include the IPsec secure socket applicationprogramming interface (API) required for use with OSPFv3.To ensure integrity, data origin authentication, detection and rejection of replays, and confidentiality ofthe packet, RFC 4302 and RFC 4303 propose using two security protocols — authentication header (AH)and encapsulating security payload (ESP). For OSPFv3, these two IPsec protocols provide interoperable,high-quality cryptographically-based security.• HA — IPsec authentication header is used in packet authentication to verify that data is not alteredduring transmission and ensures that users are communicating with the intended individual ororganization. Insert the authentication header after the IP header with a value of 51. AH providesintegrity and validation of data origin by authenticating every OSPFv3 packet. For detailed informationabout the IP AH protocol, refer to RFC 4302.• ESP — encapsulating security payload encapsulates data, enabling the protection of data that followsin the datagram. ESP provides authentication and confidentiality of every packet. The ESP extensionheader is designed to provide a combination of security services for both IPv4 and IPv6. Insert the ESPheader after the IP header and before the next layer protocol header in Transport mode. It is possibleto insert the ESP header between the next layer protocol header and encapsulated IP header inTunnel mode. However, Tunnel mode is not supported in Dell Networking OS. For detailedinformation about the IP ESP protocol, refer to RFC 4303.In OSPFv3 communication, IPsec provides security services between a pair of communicating hosts orsecurity gateways using either AH or ESP. In an authentication policy on an interface or in an OSPF area,AH and ESP are used alone; in an encryption policy, AH and ESP may be used together. The differenceOpen Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3) 577
