@ TUNING knob (VFO)Rotate the knob to select the desired frequency. Fasttuning is possible by rotating the knob rapidly. Thisknob may also be used to select the desired memorychannel. The dial drag is adjustable by holding theoutside knob and turning the inside knob clockwiseto increase drag, and counterclockwise to decreasedrag.@ VOX switch (With the TS-140S)VOX (Voice Operated Keying) operation is possiblein LSB, USB, FM or AM operations. To activate theVOX circuitry place the VOX switch ON.RF AMP switch (With the TS-680S)Depress this control when receiving weak signals.Note:The RF amplifier does not function below 21.5 MHzeven if this switch is ON.@ AGC switchThis switch selects the operating time constant ofthe AGC (Automatic Gain Control) circuit. When theAGC switch is set to SLOW, the receiver gain andS-meter readings will react slowly to large inputchanges, and when set to FAST, the receiver gainand S-meter will react quickly to changes in the inputsignal level.The normal position when using all modes is theSLOW position. When working any of the followingyou might wish to use the FAST position.e When tuning with the TUNING dial.e When receiving weak signals.e When a high-speed CW signal is being received.Note:This switch is disabled during FM operations.@8 ATT (Attenuator) switchThe incoming receive signal level is attenuated byapproximately 20 dB when this switch is activated.When the incoming receive signal is very strong(20 dB over S-9), the signal should be attenuated toprevent distortion of the signal, thereby stabilizingthe receiver performance. This is easily done by ac-tivating the ATT switch. This control is also usefulwhen a strong signal is near your desired signal,while some loss will occur to the desired signal aswell as the undesired signal, the use of the at-tenuator will sometimes allow you to complete theaso.12@ ALC/PWR meter switchALC meterUsed to monitor the drive level in USB, LSB, and AMmodes.PWR meterUsed to indicate the output power. Note that thismeter is a peak reading meter, not an averagereading meter.@8 PROC (Processor) switchEffective transmit power output will increase whenthe PROC switch is turned ON during USB, LSB, orAM mode operations. ((<7 4-3-6. Speach Processor)Note:When the speech processor function is used in theUSB, LSB, or AM mode it is possible to overdrive thetransmitter: An easy way to check for excessivemodulation is to monitor the ALC meter. If the needleis over the ALC zone you are overmodulating.Reduce the MIC gain control setting until the needleremains in the ALC zone on voice peaks.@) Standby switchThis switch is used when you want to manually con-trol transmit or receive.SEND: Places the radio into transmit.REC : Places the radio into receive.60 MIC jackMicrophone connection.GND (STBY)@MICa 7GND (MIC)STBY @®NCDOWN®s® 8V/approx. 10 mAUP4MIC connector (Front view)61) PHONES jackOutput terminal for headphones.