UNDERSTANDING UPS OPERATIONEaton Power Xpert 9395P-1200 UPS (1200 kVA, 1200 kW) Installation and Operation Manual P-164000500 Rev 4 www.eaton.com/powerquality6-166.4 Multiple UPS Distributed Bypass SystemDistributed bypass parallel operation extends the normal operation of an Eaton9395P-1200 UPS by offering increased capacity and/or redundant capability. Theparallel system continues to maintain power to the critical loads during commercialelectrical power brownout, blackout, overvoltage, undervoltage, and out‐of‐tolerancefrequency conditions.The output of the system is normally supplied by UPMs contained in each UPS.Multiple UPMs are connected with their outputs in parallel (tied together) to provide aload level greater than the rating of one UPM, for redundancy, or both. The paralleledUPMs supply the output load with protected power as long as the load does notexceed the combined rating of the paralleled UPMs.The power system is redundant as long as one of the UPMs can be disconnectedfrom the output bus and the remaining UPMs can continue to supply power to theload without exceeding their ratings.When the load is being supplied by the UPMs, the system output bus is continuouslymonitored for an overvoltage or undervoltage condition. If an out of limits condition isdetected, the paralleled UPMs transfer the load to bypass using the UPS staticswitches.Communication is required between the UPSs for system metering and modecontrol. System level communication and control are accomplished using a ControllerArea Network (CAN). A single building alarm in each UPS, connected to the otherUPSs in parallel and tied to the bypass contactor auxiliary contacts in each UPS, areused for a secondary communication path. This arrangement ensures bypass controleven if the CAN bus is lost.The system is paralleled for redundancy (1+1) in a system where two UPMs areparalleled together and the load is less than the supporting capability of one of theUPMs. The system is paralleled for capacity (2+0) if both UPMs in a system arerequired to support the load.A parallel capacity system can also be redundant (2+1), as long as there is always oneor more UPMs online than required to support the load.6.4.1 Multiple UPS Parallel System ModesSimilar to the single UPS system, the Eaton 9395P-1200 UPS parallel systemsupports a critical load in five different modes of operation. The standard operationmodes are: In Normal mode, the paralleled UPMs supply the critical load with clean, filteredpower. Each UPM battery charger also provides charging current for the battery ifneeded. In Energy Saver mode, commercial AC power is supplied directly to the critical loadthrough the continuous static switch and transfers automatically to Online mode ifan abnormal condition is detected. The Energy Saver mode requires a UPS with acontinuous static switch. Energy Saver mode in a parallel system operates thesame as it does in a single UPS system (see paragraph 6.2.3). In Variable Module Management mode, the UPS operates as a traditionaldouble-conversion UPS, but selectively shifts the load to fewer UPMs to increasethe efficiency of the UPS. In a parallel system each UPS will require at least oneUPM to be in double-conversion mode at all times; otherwise, Variable ModuleManagement mode operates the same as it does in a single UPS system (seeparagraph 6.2.4).
