Power transformers in the protected zone............................. 93Settings examples.................................................................. 97Section 7 Impedance protection...................................................107Distance protection ZMFPDIS........................................................ 107Identification.............................................................................. 107Application................................................................................. 107System earthing................................................................... 107Fault infeed from remote end............................................... 111Load encroachment..............................................................112Short line application............................................................ 113Long transmission line application....................................... 113Parallel line application with mutual coupling....................... 114Tapped line application........................................................ 120Setting guidelines...................................................................... 122General.................................................................................122Setting of zone 1.................................................................. 123Setting of overreaching zone................................................123Setting of reverse zone........................................................ 124Setting of zones for parallel line application......................... 124Setting the reach with respect to load.................................. 126Zone reach setting lower than minimum load impedance.... 127Zone reach setting higher than minimum load impedance...129Other settings....................................................................... 130ZMMMXU settings................................................................133Power swing detection ZMRPSB ...................................................134Identification.............................................................................. 134Application................................................................................. 134General.................................................................................134Basic characteristics.............................................................135Setting guidelines...................................................................... 135Automatic switch onto fault logic ZCVPSOF ................................. 143Identification.............................................................................. 143Application................................................................................. 143Setting guidelines...................................................................... 144Section 8 Current protection.........................................................147Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection PHPIOC .................. 147Identification.............................................................................. 147Application................................................................................. 147Setting guidelines...................................................................... 148Meshed network without parallel line................................... 148Meshed network with parallel line........................................ 150Directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps OC4PTOC....152Table of contentsLine differential protection RED650 2.2 IEC 3Application manual
