4-3z Dropping conforming or non-conforming packets.z Marking a conforming packet or a non-conforming packet with a new DSCP precedence value andforwarding the packet.z Traffic ShapingTraffic shaping provides measures to adjust the rate of outbound traffic actively. A typical traffic shapingapplication is to limit the local traffic output rate according to the downstream traffic policing parameters.The difference between traffic policing and GTS is that packets to be dropped in traffic policing arecached in a buffer or queue in GTS, as shown in . When there are enough tokens in the token bucket,these cached packets are sent at an even rate. Traffic shaping may result in an additional delay whiletraffic policing does not.z Diagram for GTSFor example, in , Switch A sends packets to Switch B. Switch B performs traffic policing on packetsfrom Switch A and drops packets exceeding the limit.z GTS applicationYou can perform traffic shaping for the packets on the outgoing interface of Switch A to avoidunnecessary packet loss. Packets exceeding the limit are cached in Switch A. Once resources arereleased, traffic shaping takes out the cached packets and sends them out. In this way, all the trafficsent to Switch B conforms to the traffic specification defined in Switch B.Line RateThe line rate of a physical interface specifies the maximum rate for forwarding packets (including criticalpackets).Line rate also uses token buckets for traffic control. With line rate configured on an interface, all packetsto be sent through the interface are first handled by the token bucket at line rate. If there are enoughtokens in the token bucket, packets can be forwarded; otherwise, packets are put into QoS queues forcongestion management. In this way, the traffic passing the physical interface is controlled.
