3-13 Network Connectivity TestNetwork Connectivity TestpingYou can use the ping command to check the network connectivity and the reachability of a host.Follow these steps to execute the ping command:To do… Use the command… RemarksCheck the IP networkconnectivity and thereachability of a hostping [ -a ip-address ] [-c count ] [ -d ] [ -f ][ -h ttl ] [ -i interface-typeinterface-number ] [ ip ] [ -n ] [ - p pattern ][ -q ] [ -s packetsize ] [ -t timeout ] [ -tostos ] [ -v ] hostYou can execute thiscommand in any view.This command can output the following results:z Response status for each ping packet. If no response packet is received within the timeout time,the message "Request time out" is displayed. Otherwise, the number of data bytes, packet serialnumber, TTL (time to live) and response time of the response packet are displayed.z Final statistics, including the numbers of sent packets and received response packets, theirresponsive packet percentage, and the minimum, average and maximum values of responsetime.tracertYou can use the tracert command to trace the gateways that a packet passes from the source to thedestination. This command is mainly used to check the network connectivity. It can also be used to helplocate the network faults.The executing procedure of the tracert command is as follows: First, the source host sends a datapacket with the TTL of 1, and the first hop device returns an ICMP error message indicating that itcannot forward this packet because of TTL timeout. Then, the source host resends the packet with theTTL of 2, and the second hop device also returns an ICMP TTL timeout message. This procedure goeson and on until the packet gets to the destination. During the procedure, the system records the sourceaddress of each ICMP TTL timeout message in order to offer the path that the packet passed through tothe destination.Follow these steps to execute the tracert command:To do… Use the command… RemarksView the gateways that apacket passes from the sourcehost to the destinationtracert [ -a source-ip ] [ -ffirst-ttl ] [ -m max-ttl ] [ -p port ][ -q num-packet ] [ -w timeout ]stringYou can execute the tracertcommand in any view.
