484 | IPv6 Addressingw w w . d e l l . c o m | s u p p o r t . d e l l . c o m Some key changes in IPv6 are:• Extended Address Space• Stateless Autoconfiguration• Header Format Simplification• Improved Support for Options and ExtensionsExtended Address SpaceThe address format is extended from 32 bits to 128 bits. This not only provides room for all anticipatedneeds, it allows for the use of a hierarchical address space structure to optimize global addressing.Stateless AutoconfigurationWhen a booting device comes up in IPv6 and asks for its network prefix, the device can get the prefix (orprefixes) from an IPv6 router on its link. It can then autoconfigure one or more global IP addresses byusing either the MAC address or a private random number to build its unique IP address.Stateless auto-configuration uses three mechanisms for IPv6 address configuration:• Prefix Advertisement - Routers use "Router Advertisement" messages to announce the NetworkPrefix. Hosts then use their interface-identifier MAC address to generate their own valid IPv6 address.• Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) - Before configuring its IPv6 address, an IPv6 host node devicechecks whether that address is used anywhere on the network using this mechanism.• Prefix Renumbering - Useful in transparent renumbering of hosts in the network when an organizationchanges its service provider.FTOS manipulation of IPv6 stateless auto-configuration supports the router side only. Neighbor Discovery(ND) messages are advertised so the neighbor can use this information to auto-configure its address.However, received Neighbor Discovery (ND) messages are not used to create an IPv6 address.The router redistribution functionality in Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is similar to IPv4 routerredirect messages. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) uses ICMPv6 redirect messages (Type 137) toinform nodes that a better router exists on the link.Note: As an alternative to stateless auto-configuration, network hosts can obtain their IPv6addresses using Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) servers via stateful auto-configuration.Note: FTOS provides the flexibility to add prefixes to advertise responses to RS messages. Bydefault the RA response messages are not sent when an RS message is received. Enable the RAresponse messages with the ipv6 nd prefix default command in INTERFACE mode.
